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  • 05/05/2026 12:04 PM | HSPA Info (Administrator)

    By Kris Cundiff 

    Since President Donald Trump returned to office last year, his administration has relied on state and local governments to help enforce his sweeping immigration enforcement campaign. Indiana journalists have done important reporting on this crackdown and its impact on local communities, from the expansion of ICE’s presence across the Hoosier State to the deaths of two U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement detainees in a state prison earlier this year.

    A new state law recently signed by Governor Braun will expand the role of local governments in immigration enforcement. As you continue to report on this topic, I wanted to highlight a guide compiled by my colleagues at the Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press that can help you understand the legal issues you might run into along the way: the Immigration Reporting Legal Guide, available in English and Spanish.

    In this column, I’ll give you an overview of three key takeaways from the guide. Be sure to check out the full guide to learn more.

    Know the agencies that house immigration-related public records — and how to request them.

    The American immigration system is a complex web of federal, state, and private entities — no single agency holds all the immigration-related records you may want to access for your reporting. Having an understanding of which agencies control the information you’re looking for can help you more quickly obtain it.

    Through requests under the federal Freedom of Information Act, you can request immigration-related records from:

    ● U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement

    ● U.S. Citizenship and Information Services

    ● U.S. Customs and Border Protection

    ● Executive Office for Immigration Review

    The Reporters Committee’s legal guide explains what records these agencies house and how to submit FOIA requests to each agency.

    You can also use Indiana’s Access to Public Records Act to obtain immigration-related records from state and local agencies that coordinate with federal immigration enforcement.

    For example, let’s say you’re looking into the conditions at the prison in Indiana where two ICE detainees recently died. Though the detainees were in federal custody, they were being housed at a detention center operated by the Indiana Department of Correction, which signed an agreement with the federal government last year to house up to 1,000 ICE detainees at the Miami Correctional Facility.

    That means you’ll need to request records from the IDOC under the state public records law. (For a helpful reference on APRA, check out the Reporters Committee’s Open Government Guide for Indiana.)

    But you don’t have to stop there. You can maximize the amount of information that you obtain by using FOIA in combination with APRA. The U.S. Department of Homeland Security’s Office of Inspector General handles inspections of detention facilities, public or private, and is subject to FOIA.

    Immigration proceedings are presumptively open to the public, with some exceptions.

    As the Reporters Committee’s guide explains, immigration proceedings — including removal proceedings, through which the government seeks to deport a noncitizen — are presumptively open to the public and press. Indiana’s sole immigration court is in Indianapolis.

    The latest guidance from the federal sub-agency that oversees immigration proceedings encourages reporters to contact its policy office in advance at PAO.EOIR@usdoj.gov to “coordinate visits,” but reporters aren’t obligated to do so or get permission before attending a hearing.

    If an immigration judge or court administrator suggests that preapproval is required, please contact me at kcundiff@rcfp.org.

    Understand your rights when covering immigration enforcement officers on the ground.

    The guide also covers what journalists need to know about legal obstacles they may face when reporting on immigration officers carrying out enforcement operations in public places.

    Generally speaking, the First Amendment protects recording government officials, including immigration enforcement officers, who are carrying out their official duties in public. Seven federal appellate courts have recognized the constitutional right to record, including the Seventh Circuit, which has jurisdiction over Indiana.

    The strength of that protection depends on how public the space is. For example, your First Amendment right to record is strongest in a traditionally public place, like a public road or sidewalk. But courts have held that the government has a much lower burden to justify infringing on someone’s right to record in places like a military base or an airport terminal.

    The Immigration Reporting Legal Guide is just one of the Reporters Committee’s many free resources that can help you overcome legal issues you face in the course of reporting. You can find the rest of them on the Reporters Committee’s website.

    One more thing: I wanted to shout out to all the Indiana journalists who were recently honored at the 2026 Indiana SPJ Pro Awards. Congratulations, all!

    As always, I’m here to provide the free legal support you need to produce hard-hitting reporting. Reach out to me at kcundiff@rcfp.org.

    Kris Cundiff is the Indiana Local Legal Initiative attorney at the Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press. He lives just outside of Indianapolis.


  • 05/05/2026 12:03 PM | HSPA Info (Administrator)

    Running a newspaper — especially in a small or solo operation — can be both deeply rewarding and incredibly challenging. Whether it’s finding the right resources, streamlining your operations, juggling staffing needs, or just figuring out what works, you don’t have to do it alone.

    Join us for a friendly, informal monthly peer chat with other newspaper publishers from across Indiana. We’ll swap ideas, share questions, offer support, and connect each other with tools and tips that can make our work easier.

    Who’s invited? Anyone in a leadership role at a newspaper organization that publishes in Indiana.

    When: Mark your calendars for next month’s chat - May 6 at 2 p.m. ET.

    Where: Zoom - Registration required each month:

    https://us06web.zoom.us/meeting/register/7fOpIfUnQc2m1AJs2VEIEQ

    Bring your questions, your stories, and let’s help each other keep local news strong in Indiana.

    Questions? Contact Chris Hardie (publisher of Western Wayne News in Wayne County) at chris@westernwaynenews.com or (765) 478-5448 x201.

  • 05/05/2026 10:57 AM | HSPA Info (Administrator)

    By The Media Insight Project

    The news industry has an imperative to understand how news habits differ by generation. In an increasingly fractured media ecosystem, age is a major factor in determining people’s news and information needs and priorities, the ways they access news, and who they trust to provide it. This understanding of news engagement by generation is essential for news leaders to develop innovative strategies to reach news consumers across age, including new opportunities to collaborate with influencers, independent creators, and local news and information providers.

    A new in-depth study by the Media Insight Project, which surveyed both adults and teens as young as 13 years old, provides a deep look into how news engagement does and does not vary by generation. The research reveals that people of all generations now get news and information from “influencers” or “independent creators.” Indeed, more than half of all American teenagers and adults (57%) now report getting news and information from influencers at least sometimes. And, unlike with traditional media, levels of trust in this emerging sector are similar across political ideologies. This sector is particularly powerful with younger Americans. Fully 81% of those ages 13-17 report getting news and information from influencers. Taken together, the signals in the study suggest this sector is poised to only grow in importance, use, and effect on the information ecosystem of the nation.

    Even at this relatively early stage in the evolution of the influencer/creator ecosystem, most American teenagers and adults say they trust influencers or independent creators to verify facts, be transparent, or offer different viewpoints at least somewhat well. Interestingly, this trust does not vary significantly between different age groups.

    At the same time, the public has different priorities for influencers or creators than it does for other news sources. When determining which creators to get news or information from, many people feel it’s important that influencers are transparent about sponsored content and their mission. People say they care less about how many followers a creator has or whether people they know, digitally or personally, also follow that influencer.

    And there are important findings about consumer revenue. In all, nearly 7 out of 10 American teenagers and adults pay for some kind of news product or service, 56% directly and another 23% through another person’s subscription or membership. The percentage is higher for older Americans. Yet even among the cohort least likely to pay, those ages 18-34, 54% pay for something, though it is more likely to be a video or TV source than a podcast, radio, or newspaper.

    In general, teens continue to rely most heavily on social media, while older adults remain deeply connected to television and print-based news. Younger people are less likely to use or pay for several types of traditional news products, despite high levels of daily engagement with news content. For all that, nearly half of teens and adults still watch TV news in some form every day.

    Local news continues to occupy an essential role in the media landscape, though it is one of the most threatened sectors of journalism. It is increasingly unclear what business model will be able to sustain journalism in smaller markets. Yet local news is generally more trusted. It is also one of the most complex or varied parts of the media ecosystem. Most Americans say they receive local information from local news outlets, community organizations, or word-of-mouth networks. Teens, however, are more likely than adults to encounter local news through local creators or influencers, signaling a generational shift in how communities stay informed.

    While confidence in news sources remains relatively low on average, the public differentiates sharply among sources of information. Local news emerges as the most trusted overall, though local and national news outlets score similarly on several metrics, including when it comes to being perceived to be best at helping people understand the world around them, verify facts, or treating different sides fairly. Local news is considered better than national news at giving people useful information.

    Only a quarter of the teens and adults say that influencers or independent creators are better than other sources of news (local outlets, national outlets, or AI) at treating all sides fairly, helping people understand the world around them, or getting facts right. Local and national news are not far ahead, with 3 in 10 saying that these two sources are best at treating all sides fairly, helping people understand the world around them, or getting the facts right – an important data point as the news industry thinks about how to leverage and work with this growing segment of information providers.

    The study also reveals substantial skepticism about the utility and veracity of AI, at least for now. AI chatbots lag behind all other sources regarding public trust, with only 1 in 10 feeling they are more trustworthy than other news sources. However, some distrust of AI could be fueled by low use, with two-thirds of all teens and adults never using AI for news and information at all.

    These findings are part of a new study, The Evolving News Landscape: Comparing Media Habits and Trust Between Teens and Adults, which examines news engagement with a greater level of detail than before, studying teens as young as 13, and asking not just about where and how people get news but also discovering how those habits vary by the topics people are learning about.

    The report is the latest study from the Media Insight Project. The Media Insight Poll is a collaboration of The Associated Press-NORC Center for Public Affairs Research, the American Press Institute, Northwestern University Medill School of Journalism, Media, Integrated Marketing Communications and the Local News Network at the University of Maryland’s Philip Merrill College of Journalism. This new report draws on a nationally representative survey of teens ages 13–17 and adults 18 and older, providing one of the most comprehensive, generationally comparative looks at how Americans navigate an increasingly complex news, information, and media ecosystem. With more than 2,000 interviews, the study offers rare insight into how media habits, values, expectations, and trust differ across five distinct age groups: ages 13–17, 18–34, 35–49, 50–64, and 65 and older.

    Comparisons across generations and engagement

    Most American teenagers and adults follow a variety of news and information topics. Out of a list of 14 topic areas – from “hard news” to entertainment — American teens and adults on average follow four regularly, though fully one out of five say they do not follow any particular topics consistently.

    Different age groups also tend to follow different topics. Interest in hard news — such as politics, social issues, and business — continues to rise with age.  Lifestyle and entertainment remain central to the information diets of both teens and older adults. The findings also highlight meaningful differences in the extent to which people pay for, donate to, or use news products — driven not only by age, but also by the frequencies with which people follow certain categories of news. Avid hard news consumers are more likely than moderate or low hard news consumers to personally pay for or donate to several of the products surveyed.

    Many news perceptions vary by age or news consumption habits: older adults and avid hard news consumers show stronger confidence in traditional outlets. Those who pay for news express notably higher trust in both local and national sources’ abilities to verify information and help audiences understand complex issues. Teens demonstrate relatively balanced confidence across traditional and alternative sources compared with older adults. Younger audiences do not reject traditional journalism outright, but they do not grant it automatic authority. Unlike older adults, who show stronger, categorical confidence in local and national outlets, teens and young adults distribute trust more evenly across traditional news and independent creators.

    As the Media Insight Project and others have seen before, among adults, Democrats are more likely than Republicans to trust and regularly use local news sources, reflecting stronger confidence in traditional, community-based journalism. This difference may stem from broader partisan divides in attitudes toward legacy media and perceptions of journalistic credibility. However, these partisan distinctions do not extend to influencers: Democrats and Republicans are likely to follow influencers and to trust the information they share at similar levels.

    The study also reveals significant stress and fatigue in Americans’ relationship with news. While most feel capable of finding relevant content and identifying trustworthy information, the emotional toll they feel in doing so is considerable. Very few Americans say news gives them a hopeful view of the world; and a substantial portion report feeling overwhelmed or finding news too stressful.

    In response, teens and adults are actively managing their exposure — not by rejecting news wholesale, but by avoiding specific topics or contexts. Celebrity news, political content, and news encountered on social media or during personal conversations are the most commonly avoided, and these avoidance patterns differ by age. American teenagers and adults assign responsibility for misinformation primarily to politicians and social media actors rather than news organizations, with local news receiving the least blame — a pattern that may help explain why trust in local journalism remains comparatively resilient even as media fatigue grows.

    Together, these findings offer a rich portrait of a media environment that is rapidly diversifying but still grounded in longstanding behaviors and expectations. They underscore both the challenges and opportunities ahead for news organizations, community information providers, and creators alike as they navigate an increasingly crowded, fragmented, and generationally stratified media world.

    Among the study findings:

    • The media diets of teens and adults differ sharply, with social media dominating teen news use while older adults rely heavily on television and newspapers. Teens ages 13–17 are the only age group in which most (57%) get news from social media at least daily, whereas adults 65 and older overwhelmingly turn to TV (74%).
    • Hard news engagement grows with age, while teens are more likely to be heavy lifestyle news consumers. Only 12% of teens qualify as “avid hard news consumers” — people who follow news related to politics, social issues, the economy, environment, or crime. The number is almost three times higher, 35%, for adults 65 and older. At the same time, teens ages 13-17 (48%) — more than any other age group — follow many lifestyle topics closely, reflecting distinct generational priorities.
    • Local news remains widely used and positively viewed, yet the pathways to it vary substantially by age. Adults 65 and older are more likely than some younger age groups to rely on local news outlets such as TV, radio, or newspapers, while teens ages 13-17 are more likely than older adults over 65 to get local news from local influencers or independent creators (48% vs. 23%). Despite these differences, adults and teens across all ages tend to view local news outlets as effective at covering important issues and verifying facts.
    • Influencers or independent creators have become a major, cross‑generational information source — especially for national news, pop culture, or wellness. A majority of teens and adults, fully 57%, receive at least some news from influencers or independent creators, with teens (81%) engaging most frequently.
    • When it comes to building trust in the creator community, those who get news from influencers or independent creators say transparency — particularly around sponsored content and the mission of the account — is more important to them than how many followers a creator has. Fifty percent feel that transparency around sponsored content is very important compared with only 10% who say the same about follower count.
    • Concerns about misinformation and media reliability shape how people evaluate both traditional and influencer‑based sources. While many teens and adults say influencers or independent creators do at least somewhat well at transparency (66%), trust is far from absolute.
    • Confidence in news sources is low across the board, with fewer than half of teens and adults expressing a great deal of confidence in any source type, though local news ranks highest. Local news is viewed as most trustworthy, followed by national news, independent creators, and AI chatbots. Each source type has distinct perceived strengths: local news ranks highest for providing useful information (41%), while independent creators are seen by roughly one in four as best at treating all sides fairly.
    • Teens and adults hold politicians and social media companies primarily responsible for misinformation. A majority blame politicians (66%) for spreading misinformation, while local news receives the least blame (35%).
    • Despite feeling capable of navigating news, few say it gives them a hopeful view of the world. Most report avoiding news about specific topics, especially celebrity news (71%) or political content (62% avoid news stories about Donald Trump; 57% news about national politics), with older adults managing exposure more actively than younger people.


  • 05/05/2026 10:50 AM | HSPA Info (Administrator)

    By Kevin Slimp

     Yesterday, I received an email from the publisher of a tiny newspaper in Minnesota, asking if I could visit with her to discuss how I could help her paper grow. We spoke by phone this morning and discussed the status of her paper. I appreciated our conversation because I love publishers who genuinely care about their communities and their newspapers. It might surprise you (or it might not, if you know me well) to know that I didn’t try to sell her anything. I stay plenty busy, and the last thing I’m going to do is try to talk someone into hiring me for something unless they really need it.

    Here were some of my thoughts that I didn’t share with her:

    • Yes, her newspaper could probably use a redesign (okay, it could) to draw more readers.

    • Yes, her newspaper should be getting more advertising from businesses in the larger city 30 minutes away.

    • Yes, I could help her grow circulation and revenue without too great an effort.

    However, I didn’t suggest any of those things. Looking at the online map, I quickly learned that her newspaper serves several very small communities within a 20-minute (or so) radius. The combined population of all communities is less than 3,500. If the newspaper were located in a town of 3,500, I would likely have recommended several options, all with a price tag. Despite this, knowing she was in a small community, I wanted to be sure to give her the best possible advice without breaking the budget.

    My advice? I gave her the name and phone number of a very successful small-town publisher, approximately two hours away. I suggested she give him a call, explain the situation, and see if he has any good advice before spending money on a consultant. She seemed pleased with the idea. I called my publisher friend and asked if it was okay for her to call him, and he said he’d be happy to talk with her. I am certain he will listen to her and share some ideas that will help grow her paper.

    Publishers contact me just about every day. Yesterday, I heard from a smalltown publisher and the publisher of one of the biggest metro newspapers in the U.S. It’s amazing how similar the issues facing newspapers of all sizes are. With this in mind, I chose to spend the rest of this column offering suggestions to newspapers in very small communities.

    Without breaking the bank (I realize that sometimes it does need breaking), here are suggestions for my small-town colleagues:

    • Gather your staff together (there might just be two or three of you) and have an open conversation about ways to improve your newspaper

    • Contact publishers of similar-sized newspapers and seek out advice on what is working for them. I’d bet they’ll be happy you called. There was a time when this type of thing happened a lot at press conventions, before so many papers were incorporated into large groups. There’s no reason you can’t reach out to other publishers and create your own informal support group.

    • Find someone who knows something about good design (and good reporting) and ask them to critique your newspaper. You don’t have to hire someone to do this, but if you do, it’s an easy and inexpensive way to improve your paper quickly.

    • Form a focus group of 8-16 people in your community to critique your newspaper and have an honest conversation about possible improvements.

    • Find training. Whether it’s an online webinar, a press association training event, or something else, learn from others whose job it is to help you grow your newspaper.

    Listen, I’m with you. I get it. I run a couple of small businesses. Just today, I gathered three people who had never met before. Two were former daily newspaper publishers, and the third is the owner of a large digital media company. I simply called them together, bought their lunch, and asked for advice on a new project I’m considering. It’s taken a few years, but I’m finally learning that most people really are glad when you ask for their advice, and I’m getting really good at asking for it.

    That’s 800 words. My work (for the moment) is done.


  • 05/05/2026 10:43 AM | HSPA Info (Administrator)

    By Tony Baranowski, America's Newspapers

    Two recent advocacy wins in New Mexico and Maryland should get the attention of newspaper leaders and state press associations across the country.

    Not just because they’re good outcomes. They certainly are.

    Because they show something more important: this work can be done, and it can be replicated.

    In New Mexico, lawmakers and Gov. Michelle Lujan Grisham approved legislation that provides tax credits tied directly to employing local journalists and newspaper printing. In Maryland, lawmakers enacted the Local News for Maryland Communities Act, directing more state advertising into trusted local news outlets while adding structure and transparency to how those dollars are spent.

    Different approaches, same starting point. Both states recognized that local newspapers remain essential to civic life, public information and community connection. Then they did something with that recognition. They turned it into policy.

    That’s why other states should be paying attention.

    Too often, conversations about local newspapers stop at concern. People say local news matters. They say communities need trusted information. They say accountability is important. All true. But at some point, the conversation has to move from concern to action.

    That’s what happened here.

    New Mexico’s legislation ties public policy directly to the work of producing local news. Reporting costs money. Printing costs money. Local newspapers are doing essential work in a tough operating environment. This reflects a basic understanding: if a state values local journalism, it has to care about the conditions that make that work possible.

    Maryland took a different route, but the logic is just as clear. State government already spends money to communicate with the public. The question is whether that spending is reaching communities in a meaningful way. Directing more of that advertising into trusted local news outlets strengthens those channels while making public communication more effective.

    These wins didn’t happen by accident. They took work, negotiation and persistence. Leaders like Rebecca Snyder at MDDC (Maryland, Delaware, District of Columbia Press Association) and Belinda Mills at the New Mexico Press Association stayed engaged and kept pushing. In Maryland, Delegate Linda Foley, Senator Jim Rosapepe and Senator Cory McCray played key roles alongside a broader group of legislative leaders. In New Mexico, Senators Carrie Hamblen and Peter Wirth championed the effort and carried it through as part of a broader tax package.

    That’s the part that matters just as much as the policy itself.

    Advocacy can’t be treated as a side project. If we want a stronger business climate for local newspapers, we have to be part of the policy discussion. That means tracking legislation, building relationships, identifying opportunities and engaging early when issues begin to move.

    It also means sharing what’s working.

    New Mexico and Maryland now offer something that’s often missing in these conversations: real examples. Not theory. Not proposals. Actual policy that made it across the finish line.

    That doesn’t mean every state should copy these models. Each has its own political environment, budget realities and priorities. But these examples give others a place to start. They show what it looks like when lawmakers move beyond rhetoric and take concrete steps to support local newspapers.

    That changes the conversation.

    It gives state associations something specific to point to. It gives lawmakers something they can study. And it reinforces a point that shouldn’t get lost: public policy can play a constructive role in supporting the long-term strength of local newspapers.

    These wins are worth recognizing. But more importantly, they’re worth using. Other states won’t be starting from scratch. They’ll be building from proof.

    The question now is who’s ready to take the next step.

    Maryland and New Mexico are members of the America’s Newspapers State Advocacy Coalition, a group of state press associations and partners working to protect the role local newspapers play in their communities. Especially in rural areas and small markets, where trusted information is hardest to replace, that work matters. Just as important, the Coalition allows states to act with a stronger, more coordinated voice.


  • 04/03/2026 12:05 PM | HSPA Info (Administrator)

    By Kevin Slimp

    I’m having one of those days when I’m working on projects non-stop. It’s the kind of day when I stop for a moment and think, “Oh man, my column is due today.”

    With no time to plan or prepare what I’m going to write, which probably happens to most of my readers on a regular basis, I’ve chosen to write about something I know a lot about: Why some papers are growing and some papers are dying.

    Dying is a strong word for a column about newspapers. We read too often about newspapers that are closing. Most of the time, I can guess what’s led to these sudden departures without reading any further. Instead of writing about why some newspapers are closing, today I’m going to write about why some papers aren’t closing.

    It’s a relatively easy task for me. I just sent messages to six publishers at random and asked, “Why is your paper not dying?” I’m using their responses to guide my thoughts. People seem to love it when I include a list in my columns, so here’s a list titled:

    Why Some Newspapers Aren’t Dying

    1.    I wasn’t surprised when Reed Anfinson was the first publisher to respond to my request. Reed publishes and co-publishes three successful papers in Western Minnesota. He mentioned the quality of his newspapers. Reed noted the stories, photo features, and school events. It was in his final sentence that Reed hit on something that I’ve noticed about almost all successful newspapers: “We are dedicated to our community and our businesses, and readers appreciate it.”

    2.    It wasn’t my intention to interrupt anyone at deadline, but I did just that when I wrote to Erin McIntyre at the Ouray County (Colorado) Plaindealer. Still, Erin was the second to respond to my plea with, “We’re relevant, and our community values our work. She went on to mention reporting priorities, holding local government accountable, and building trust with readers. Erin went on to add, “Even small places deserve quality journalism, and readers appreciate that.”

    3.    Joey Young (Newton, Kansas) wrote, “We focus on local content you can’t get elsewhere, we haven’t slashed and burned the newsroom, and we charge what our paper is worth.”

    4.    I had the privilege of working with The Sullivan County (New York) Democrat a few months ago, and its publisher, Fred Stabbert, had a lot to say about their ever-improving newspaper. Right out of the gate, Fred reminded me that “The Sullivan County Democrat has been a staple of the community for 135 years, and we have never forgotten where we came from.” Like the paper in Newton, Kansas, Fred’s paper hasn’t had any “slashing and burning.” The Sullivan County staff includes four full-time reporters, two editors, and a five-person ad department. “We embrace change and tackle it head-on,” wrote Fred, “whether it’s a redesign of our historic newspaper last fall, updating our website, or installing the latest programs to be most efficient.” Fred concluded by reminding me that The Democrat has been owned by the Stabbert family for 99 years, but was quick to add, “(The Democrat) is really owned by our readers and advertisers who make us viable every day. Without them, our mission would not be possible.”

    5.    Ken Waddell, a leading publisher in Canada (Neepawa, Manitoba), chimed in that a key ingredient is local news. The second reason his papers aren’t dying, according to Ken, is a heavy investment in reporters, both full-time and freelance. Ken also wrote that his papers have developed their own distribution system, not relying on the postal system. He also mentioned a fourth reason: “We are awfully stubborn and care deeply about our community and employees.”

    That’s a response rate of five out of six publishers to whom I wrote. Not bad, considering the five responded in the time it took me to write this column.

    So, let me ask you to do something. Think of the papers you’ve read about recently that have closed. Did they adhere to the guidelines these five publishers consider crucially important? If not, what did they do differently?

    I know there are factors beyond a newspaper’s control. A struggling local economy, population decline, and other issues can force a paper out of business. I’m not picking on those papers. But think about papers in places not declining in population. What might they have done differently?

    That’s 800 words. My work is done for the day.  

  • 04/03/2026 11:54 AM | HSPA Info (Administrator)

    When Florida lawmakers passed HB 7049 in 2023, many local publishers immediately recognized the potential threat to one of the industry’s most stable revenue streams: public notices. The legislation created a pathway allowing certain notices to be published on government websites rather than exclusively in newspapers, opening the door for counties to move some legal advertising away from local publishers.

    For David Dunn-Rankin, president of Central Florida–based D-R Media, the moment represented both a challenge and an opportunity. Rather than treating the legislation as an inevitable loss of revenue, he approached it as a problem to solve — one rooted in relationships, operational realities and a clear understanding of how public notice actually works.

    “Every year, there’s always some fire to put out,” Dunn-Rankin said. “There’s always a fire drill during legislative season.”

    A relationship-driven approach

    D-R Media serves communities between Tampa and Orlando, and Dunn-Rankin has spent years building strong relationships with local government staff and administrators. That connection, he believes, is critical to protecting public notice partnerships when policy shifts. “We’re very hands on. We’re very high touch,” he said. “I like for our legal people to go bring brownies, so that they know us — so that they’re just not a voice on the phone.”

    The approach — which Dunn-Rankin jokingly calls his “cookie campaign” — is designed to make sure local partners know the people behind the process. That relationship-first philosophy proved valuable when counties across Florida began evaluating whether to launch their own public notice websites after the new law passed.

    In the months following HB 7049, Dunn-Rankin watched several counties begin exploring that path. “About seven or eight counties made the move pretty quickly,” he said.

    One of the most consequential discussions unfolded in Polk County, an important public notice market for D-R Media. County commissioners openly debated whether creating a county-run public notice website could reduce costs while also driving more residents to the county’s online services.

    As Dunn-Rankin recalled, the logic sounded straightforward: “We’ll save some money,” commissioners suggested, and “it’ll make the county website more useful because people will start going there for information.” But from his perspective, the economics — and the operational realities — were far more complicated.

    Breaking down the numbers

    Rather than arguing philosophically about the value of newspapers, Dunn-Rankin focused on helping county leaders understand how the new law actually worked in practice. The details, he explained, were far more complex than the simplified narrative that counties could simply move all notices online.

    “The law is very confusing,” Dunn-Rankin said. “There’s a lot of different kind of notices. If you’re managing the website, you would have to figure out which ones go on the county website, which ones still have to go on a paper. That’s complex additional work.”

    To clarify the situation, Dunn-Rankin walked commissioners through Polk County’s notice volume in three categories, separating notices that legally must remain in print from those eligible for online publication. “There’s three big buckets,” he explained. “Roughly about 20 to 25% still had to stay in a newspaper. About 25 to 30% the county could put on their own website and about half the developer still is paying for it.”

    That final category proved particularly important. Many developer-paid notices — often tied to zoning or development proposals — are exactly the notices residents care most about and the ones most likely to generate public attention.

    From Dunn-Rankin’s perspective, moving those notices onto a county website would not necessarily reduce taxpayer costs and could even reduce transparency. He framed the numbers directly for commissioners: “You’re not going to save the $150,000. $40,000 is still going to have to go to newspapers. There’s about $50,000 that you can save by publishing them on your own. Then there’s $75,000 that you could put on the county website, but it won’t save you any money. Just create more work.”

    Even when he couldn’t get face time with every commissioner, Dunn-Rankin stayed persistent in making the case. “I wrote them 17 handwritten notes,” he said.

    Meeting digital expectations

    Once Dunn-Rankin clarified the financial realities, he shifted the conversation to what the county actually wanted: a modern digital public notice experience for residents. If Polk County wanted a dedicated notice website, he argued, that didn’t necessarily mean building and maintaining one internally. “So we told them we’d do their county website for free,” Dunn-Rankin said. “They wouldn’t have to spend the resources to build it or maintain it themselves.”

    To make that possible, D-R Media partnered with Column, whose platform powers public notice workflows for publishers nationwide. The arrangement allowed D-R Media to remain the county’s operational partner while Column provided the underlying technology.

    “Basically, I needed to white-label Column,” Dunn-Rankin said. “D-R Media would be the first line of support, and we’d handle the billing. But I needed to run on proven technology; otherwise I’d have to build it myself. And I’d rather use Column’s, because it works.”

    The result was a county-branded public notice site powered by Column’s infrastructure but presented as part of the county’s public information ecosystem. “It looks and feels like a county website,” Dunn-Rankin said. “You would not know that it’s not a county website.”

    The technical structure also aligned with Polk County’s IT policies. Rather than integrating directly with county systems, the platform is hosted externally and simply linked from the county’s official site.

    “They told us, ‘We don’t want anything going in and out of our firewall,’” Dunn-Rankin explained. “So we host it outside the county’s website, and they just link to it.”

    Protecting both revenue and relationships

    The outcome was straightforward: Polk County received the digital experience it wanted while D-R Media retained its public notice partnership. “We retained all legals revenue from Polk County, except for one city,” Dunn-Rankin said.

    Just as important, the feared ripple effect across surrounding municipalities never materialized. D-R Media expected some of the county’s 17 cities might shift notices to the county platform as well, but in practice most maintained their existing workflow with the newspaper. “Only one of our 17 cities has done that,” Dunn-Rankin said. “It’s business as usual.”

    In many cases, the deciding factor was simple: managing notices internally creates additional administrative work for local government staff. “The clerk now has to do that work, and they don’t want to do that work,” he said.

    Dunn-Rankin also credits the long-standing relationships D-R Media maintains with local governments. “Our cities like us,” he said. “There wasn’t much incentive to change a workflow that was already working.”

    A playbook for other publishers

    For Dunn-Rankin, the Polk County experience illustrates how publishers can respond when legislation changes the public notice landscape. Rather than framing the issue as a battle between newspapers and digital platforms, he believes publishers can remain central to the process by helping governments meet their digital expectations. “Here’s what we did in Polk,” he said. “Go do that everywhere and lock the county up.”

    By combining education, strong local relationships and modern technology, D-R Media was able to preserve both the partnership and the revenue stream. In an environment where public notice rules continue to evolve, that approach offers a practical model for publishers navigating similar changes.

    About Column:

    Column builds the technical infrastructure that powers modern public notice, connecting newspapers, governments, legal professionals, and the public through an efficient, compliant platform. Today, thousands of publishers and tens of thousands of agencies, firms, and individuals nationwide rely on Column to keep their communities informed. The platform centralizes notice placement, proofs, affidavits, and billing in one place. By automating high-friction operational steps and standardizing the back office, Column helps publishers protect and grow public notice revenue while making public information easier to access for local communities. We’re reimagining how public information connects people, institutions, and media.

  • 04/03/2026 11:49 AM | HSPA Info (Administrator)

    By Jim Pumarlo

    Election season is under way. Many would say the cycle never ends. No sooner are votes tallied than strategists eye the next election. Make no mistake, many lawmakers routinely cast votes with one eye on policy and one eye on politics, especially if they are in swing districts.

    Office-holders are scrutinized more than ever in today’s political dynamics. In turn, media are under the microscope.

    The scope of coverage will vary by newspaper and community. Election season strains newsrooms already strapped for resources. Consider these starting points:

    First, keep the focus local. Do what you know best and do what no one else is doing for your readers.

    Second, introduce yourselves early to candidates. Promote the roles of both the news and advertising departments.

    I place public affairs coverage at the heart of a newspaper’s responsibilities. In that sphere, nothing is more than the selection of candidates who will shape policies affecting readers’ everyday lives.

    Think about your bread and butter. What’s more likely to receive a front-page headline: An action in Washington, D.C. or at the State Capitol – or debate at a packed meeting of the city council, school board or county board?

    I don’t suggest ignoring the more expansive conversations. Elections in Minnesota got much more interesting with the decision of Gov. Tim Walz not to seek a third term. The ripple effect will likely reach legislative races and even local contests, raising issues that warrant attention.

    The increasingly caustic political environment at national and state levels has negatively influenced local political discourse, which has made some newspapers more cautious about giving space to broader topics. That makes it all the more important to shed light on local topics and candidates, offering a trusted voice to navigate the chaos of social media. And, when appropriate, to filter national and state issues for messages relevant to your communities.

    The first step is to commit to comprehensive election coverage. The second step – carrying out that pledge – may prove difficult despite best intentions. Publishers more and more are frustrated with candidates and campaigns that simply refuge to engage with the newspaper, even declining to complete basic questionnaires. Even more annoying is the growing loss of advertising dollars.  

    Your best offense is to get in front of candidates early. Individuals seeking elective office are applying for a job. They must convince their bosses – the electorate – that they are the most qualified to effectively advance constituent interests. You are in excellent position to help present that information in the clearest and most meaningful manner.

    Start by writing a welcome letter congratulating candidates on their decision to seek elective office, for giving their time and talent to make the community a better place to live. Include answers to the most frequently asked questions about newspaper policies and operations. Follow up with a face-to-face meeting to communicate editorial procedures as well as advertising opportunities. It’s ideal to have separate conversations. In all cases, make clear the distinction between news and advertising departments.

    Then underscore this is the candidate’s opportunity to be introduced to constituents, to state positions on priority issues. If you can’t interview them – if they won’t give you access, it is fair game to interview associates, supporters and others. Campaigns need treasurers. That can be a place to start.

    On that front, publishers often bemoan the lack of political advertising, especially in local races. But how many newspapers develop and approach candidates with an advertising campaign similar to welcoming a new merchant in town? Many individuals are novices to the political arena. Seize the opportunity to be a key adviser in spreading their messages.

    A final note: Communicate. I’m a firm believer in explaining newspaper operations and policies and wrote a weekly column while sitting behind the editor’s desk. Election season provides ample fodder on a variety of fronts. Some columns can be written each election cycle and can be pre-emptive on questions that inevitably will be raised.

    Election coverage is one of the most exhaustive and scrutinized tasks facing newsrooms. At the same time, reporting on candidates and campaigns is the most fundamental element of a newspaper’s service to democracy in action.  Solid reporting helps voters elect better people to make decisions on their behalf.

    Newspapers should use their community knowledge to deliver an inside look at candidates and set a framework for constructive debate. The rewards are to all involved from candidates and the voters to your community and your newspaper.

    Jim Pumarlo is former editor of the Red Wing (Minn.) Republican Eagle. He writes, speaks and provides training on community newsroom success strategies. He is author of “Journalism Primer: A Guide to Community News Coverage,” “Votes and Quotes: A Guide to Outstanding Election Coverage” and “Bad News and Good Judgment: A Guide to Reporting on Sensitive Issues in Small-Town Newspapers.” He can be reached and welcomes comments and questions at jim@pumarlo.com.

  • 04/03/2026 11:38 AM | HSPA Info (Administrator)

    Indiana Pro SPJ promotes and protects the First Amendment freedoms of every newsroom and reporter in Indiana. We offer year-round training and networking for current and future journalists. Indiana Pro SPJ also hosts the annual "Best in Indiana" journalism contest, which funds our college scholarship program.

    If you do not already have a paid membership, join the Indiana Pro SPJ today to protect and support journalistic freedom and education across the state. Email indyprospj@gmail.com for more information.


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